Financial Education

Glossary

 

A


Adware - program designed to display advertisements. It can be used legitimately, when incorporated into programs and services as a way of sponsorship or financial return for those who develop free programs or provide free services. It can also be used for malicious purposes, when the displayed advertising is presented according to the user's navigation; 

Agência Angolana de Regulação e Supervisão de Seguros (Angolan Agency for Insurance Regulation and Supervision - ARSEG) - entity responsible for the regulation, supervision, inspection and monitoring of insurance, reinsurance, pension funds and insurance brokerage and reinsurance activities;

Annuity
- annually commission charged by banks to customers who have a credit card, even if not using it;

Antivirus
- programs that detect the presence of viruses and other malware on your computer, ensuring the integrity of the equipment and its information;

Application (financial)
- term used to refer to a financial product or an investment in a financial product;

Assets (financial) - type of asset (good) that an individual or company possesses in the financial market (e.g. shares, bonds, government bonds);

Automatic teller machine (ATM) - equipment that allows authorized users (usually holders of valid cards for financial transactions in a system) to access financial services and others, including banknotes withdrawal;

B

Banco Nacional de Angola (National Bank of Angola - BNA) - also known as Central Bank, has, among other functions, the regulatory responsibility and the supervision of the national financial system and ensurance of its stability;

Bank clearing - process in which the bank checks values and data, and then makes the liquidation or transfer of funds following strict regulations set for the payment system in Angola;

Browser - program that allows you to navigate in the Internet, such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla and Google Chrome;

C

Capital - all the monetary amount of an individual or a company, that may thus be invested;

Capitalization of earnings – the action and also the effect of adding cumulatively to a capital interest earned as a result of the application of that capital;

Comissão de Mercado de Capitais (Capital Market Commission - CMC) - entity that regulates, supervises and monitors the activity, functioning, operations and agents involved in the Securities Market;

Card account - account assigned to the holder of a credit card with the value of the amount allocated by the card issuer;

Carding - handling and collection of personal data on the face or on the magnetic strips of credit, debit or telecommunications cards;

Certificates (deposits) - a promissory note issued by a bank;

Check - a written, dated and signed instrument that contains an unconditional order from the drawer that directs a bank to pay a definite sum of money to a payee, against the debit of his account;

Credit - act by which a banking or non-banking financial institution, acting against payment (i) places or promises to fund a person or a company, against the promise of repayment on the due date, or (ii) contracts, in his interests, an obligation by signature as a guarantee;

Credit card - a card issued by a financial company giving the holder an option to borrow funds, usually at point of sale. Means of payment that associates an account (the card account) with the credit line. Allows the holder to make the purchase of goods and services whose amount he will pay thereafter to the card issuer and according to the established conditions. The withdrawal of cash generally requires a fee for the cash advance;

Code of conduct - a set of ethical norms/rules defined by an organization to provide guidance and regulation of the organization activity;

Commissions - cash benefits to be payed by customers to financial institutions, as a retribution for the services they provide, or subcontracted to third parties, in the scope of its activity;

Cryptography - technique used to encode an information so that only the sender and the receiver can understand it, preventing outsiders from interpreting it, if it is intercepted;

Currency quotation - also called exchange rate or foreign exchange rate. Refers to the price or value of a foreign currency expressed in national currency;

D

Debit card - payment method that allows the holder to electronically access the demand deposit account to which the card is associated to. Can be used in an automatic payment terminal (through fund transfer), or in an ATM, allowing the performance of various operations;

Deficit agents - entities or people without savings that need liquidity for their applications or investments;
Demand deposit - form of bank deposit in which the funds can be withdrawn at any time without any advance notice to the depository institution;

Deposit - contract by which one party (depositor) entrusts money to a banking financial institution (depository), which has the right to dispose of it for their business, assuming the responsibility of the refund, with or without interest, within an agreed time frame;

Digital Security Certificate - guarantee provided by an entity that confirms the identity of the holder of the digital certificate and the site's security level. To view the security certificate of any site, you should click the existing lock icon in the browser address bar;

DNS - after the english term Domain Name Server, the system of domain names is responsible for the translation of the domain name into the corresponding IP address and vice versa, among others. Operates as a catalog of numerical Internet addresses, so that a site can be located;

E

Exchange rate - also known as foreign-exchange rate. It is the price or value of a foreign currency expressed in national currency;

F

Factoring - acquisition of short-term credits, derived from the sale of goods or the provision of services in domestic and foreign markets;

Financial intermediation - activity carried on by banking institutions, which consists in capturing savings in the form of deposits and other liabilities instruments, which are later used to finance the needs of economic players, in the form of bank credit;

Firewall - application that creates a barrier to prevent unauthorized access to your computer;

Fraud - unlawful or action performed in bad faith in order to obtain direct or indirect personal benefits;

G

Grace period - period in which the benefits paid are only composed of interest, maintaining the outstanding principal unchanged. During this period, the loan is not amortized, only the interests are paid;

Guaranteed capital - investment in which the investor's principal is shielded from losses. At the end of term the investor receives at least the invested amount;

H

Home banking - accessing the bank over the internet, allowing the management of bank accounts, access to banking instruments and making payments from a computer or mobile phone;

Housing Loans - loan intended for the purchase, construction and implementation of conservation works, for a permanent residence, secondary or purchase of land for construction of permanent housing;

HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure) - Protocol that allows Internet users to navigate web pages and information servers in a more secure way, as the HTTPS allows for the encryption and transmission of information via secure connections through security mechanisms such as SSL and TLS;

I

Interest rate - price of money that the borrower must pay to the lender for a certain period of time, expressed as a percentage;

Invested capital - the amount or value applied in a banking or financial product;

Investment - application of funds to obtain a certain income;

J

Joint account - a bank account shared by two or more individuals that can be natural or legal persons. Regarding handling bank accounts, these can be joint, individual or mixed;

•Joint endorsement - account in which the signatures of all owners are required;

• Individual endorsement - debt handling arrangements in which only one signature of any of the holders is required;

• Mixed endorsement - In accordance to the provisions established at the time of the account opening act, some of the owners endorsement are required to debit the account;

K

Key logger - application that continually recognizes the keys that the user presses, allowing third parties to use this information without his knowledge;

L

Lender (Creditor) - holder of a credit right;

Loan - contract by which one party makes funds available to another, that will repay it;

Loan repayment - or loan redemption. Process through which a debt is extinguished through payment of principal;

M

Malware - general term used to describe programs developed to execute harmful actions and malicious activity on your computer or mobile device. The specific types of malware are viruses, spyware, trojan horses, among others;

Management fee - commission charged periodically to a fund intended to compensate the managing entity for its service;
Microcredit - a system providing low value credit to individuals, small informal entrepreneurs and micro-enterprises without access to traditional banking system;

Mobile banking - access to the bank via a mobile device with an Internet connection (3G, 4G, GSM / GPRS or Wi-Fi), allowing the management of bank accounts, access to banking instruments and payments;

Mouse logger - application that continuously recognizes mouse clicks that the user makes, allowing third parties to use this information without his knowledge;

P

Payment of checks - payment of a check to the recipient by crediting the account or through the delivery of the check amount in cash;

Personal loans - also called consumer credit. Refers to credits with financial plan, granted for a fixed period, with repayment of capital and interest by installments, generally monthly;

Pharming - kind of computer attack that exploits the vulnerabilities of browsers, operating systems and the DNS server to redirect users’ navigation to fake websites through changes to the DNS service (Name System domains responsible for domain name translation to the corresponding IP addresses and vice versa);

Phishing - technique which uses e-mail and fraudulent websites designed to obtain personal and financial data of a user, through the combined use of technical means and social engineering;

PIN - secret code required for the use of debit and credit cards. PIN stands for Personal Identification Number;

Prepaid card - means of payment where certain amounts of money are preloaded and will subsequently be used in specific terminals;

Pricing - set of information, constantly updated, on general conditions with balance sheet effects of financial products and services, available to the public by financial institutions and composed of the Price List of Fees and Expenses and the Price List of Interest Rates. The pricing must comply with the Notice No. 2/14, of March 20 and Notice No. 4/14, of May 13;

R

Repayment terms - assumptions agreed between the parties relating to the amortization of the loan;

S

Safe hiring - service provided by the bank that provides the customers with an autonomous and individualized "space", so that they can save any value that they want;

Savings - difference between disposable income and what is spent on consumption;

Screen logger - application that takes a photograph to the computer screen to see what the user sees, allowing third parties to use this information without his knowledge;

Secure connection - connection that uses a cryptographic protocol for the transmission of data, such as HTTPS or SSH;

Site - set of pages on the Internet, identified by a specific domain name;

Skimming - capture of information from the magnetic stripe of the card and its PIN, allowing subsequent cloning of the original card;

Spam - unsolicited e-mail messages, which are usually sent to a large number of people;

Spread - percentage of increase or decrease of a specific interest rate or foreign exchange rate;

Spyware - program designed to monitor surreptitious activities of a system and send the collected information to third parties. The types of spyware more commonly known are key logger, mouse logger, screen logger and adware;

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) – protocol that uses encryption to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of communication between a client and a server; it can be used for authentication;

Surplus agents - entities that have savings or surplus liquidity but do not have a way to apply them;

T

Transfer - debit operation in the account of a particular holder to credit another account of the same or other holders of the same or other banks in the same or other countries;

TLS (Transport Layer Security) - protocol using encryption to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of communication between a client and a server; it can be used for authentication;

U

User agreement - agreement containing the terms and conditions on which the card issuer provides the payment card to the cardholder. The contract must comply with the Notice No. 10/12, of May 2;

V

Virus - malware program (or portion of a program) that can infect other programs and files on the computer by inserting a copy of itself in a program or file, and depends on the implementation of the program or host file to become active and to continue the process of infection.